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Our Team

Flute Xu, PhD

Flute Xu, PhD

Education

Education
  • Bachelor of Engineering in Materials in Physics: 2013-2017. “”Monte Carlo Simulation of the decomposition of MoS2 material under various hyperthermia settings””. Hebei University of Technology. Tianjin, China
  • Master of Commerce in Data Science: 2017-2019. “”LSTM-assisted Evolutionary Self-expressive Subspace Clustering””. The University of Sydney. Sydney, Australia
  • Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science (Transferred): 2021-2023. University of California, Los Angeles.
  • Doctor of Philosophy in Bioengineering: 2023-2025. “”Artificial Intelligence Augmented Medical Imaging Reconstruction in Radiation Therapy””. University of California, Berkeley & University of California, San Francisco (Joint).

Awards & Honors 
  • Top 5 in the AAPM 2022 DL Spectral CT challenge.
  • Top 3 in the MICCAI 2021 NODE21 challenge.
  • Best Paper Award for paper “”Sparse Least Squares Low Rank Kernel Machines”” in the ICONIP 2019.

Selected Publications and Abstracts

  • Xu, D., Descovich, M., Liu, H., & Sheng, K. (2024). Robust localization of poorly visible tumor in fiducial free stereotactic body radiation therapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol. 200, p. 110514, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110514.

  • Xu, D., Miao, X., Liu, H., Scholey, J. E., Yang, W., Feng, M., … & Sheng, K. (2024). Paired conditional generative adversarial network for highly accelerated liver 4D MRI. Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 69, no. 12, p. 125029, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad5489.

  • Xu, D., Descovich, M., Liu, H., Lao, Y., Gottschalk, A. R., & Sheng, K. (2024). Deep match: A zero-shot framework for improved fiducial-free respiratory motion tracking. Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol. 194, p. 110179, May 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110179.

  • Sogancioglu E., Ginneken B., Behrendt F., Bengs M., Schlaefer A., Radu M., Xu D., …, & Murphy K. (2024). Nodule detection and generation on chest X-rays: NODE21 challenge. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging, vol. 43, no. 8, pp. 2839–2853, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.1109/TMI.2024.3382042.

  • Xu, D., Liu, H., Ruan, D., & Sheng, K. (2023). Learning dynamic MRI reconstruction with convolutional network assisted reconstruction swin transformer. In International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (pp. 3-13). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-47425-5_1.

  • Xu, D., Xu, Q., Nhieu, K., Ruan, D., & Sheng, K. (2023). An efficient and robust method for chest x-ray rib suppression that improves pulmonary abnormality diagnosis. Diagnostics, vol. 13, no. 9, p. 1652, May 2023, doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13091652.

  • Xu, D., Ma, M., Cao, M., Kishan, A. U., Nickols, N. G., Scalzo, F., & Sheng, K. (2023). Mask R-CNN assisted 2.5 D object detection pipeline of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT-positive metastatic pelvic lymph node after radical prostatectomy from solely CT imaging. Sci Rep, vol. 13, no. 1, p. 1696, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28669-y.

  • Xu, D., Ma, T. M., Savjani, R., Pham, J., Cao, M., Yang, Y., … & Sheng, K. (2022). Fully automated segmentation of prostatic urethra for MR‐guided radiation therapy (MRgRT). Medical Physics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 354–364, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.1002/mp.15983.

  • Xu, D., Bai, M., Long, T., & Gao, J. (2021). LSTM-assisted evolutionary self-expressive subspace clustering. Int. J. Mach. Learn. & Cyber., vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 2777–2793, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s13042-021-01363-z.

  • Xu, D., Fang, M., Hong, X., & Gao, J. (2019). Sparse least squares low rank kernel machines. in Neural Information Processing, vol. 11954, T. Gedeon, K. W. Wong, and M. Lee, Eds., in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 11954. , Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019, pp. 395–406. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-36711-4_33.

  • Jiang, L., Xu, D., & Sheng, K. (2024). Anatomy-constrained synthesis for spleen segmentation improvement in unpaired mouse micro-CT scans with 3D CycleGAN. Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 055019, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad6a63.

  • Liu, H., McKenzie, E., Xu, D., Xu, Q., Chin, R. K., Ruan, D., & Sheng, K. (2024). MUsculo-Skeleton-Aware (MUSA) deep learning for anatomically guided head-and-neck CT deformable registration. Medical Image Analysis, vol. 99, p. 103351, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103351.

  • Xu, D., Lyu, Q., Ruan, D., & Sheng, K. (2024, July). A Two-Step Framework for Multi-Material Decomposition of Dual Energy Computed Tomography from Projection Domain. In 2024 46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) (pp. 1-7). IEEE, doi: 10.1109/EMBC53108.2024.10782757.

  • Jiang, L., Xu, D., Xu, Q., Chatziioannou, A., Iwamoto, K. S., Hui, S., & Sheng, K. (2024). Robust Automated Mouse Micro-CT Segmentation Using Swin UNEt TRansformers. Bioengineering, 11(12), 1255, doi: 10.3390/bioengineering11121255.

  • Fu, X., Hasse, K., Xu, D., Xu, Q., Descovich, M., Ruan, D., & Sheng, K. (2025). Real-time lung extraction from synthesized x-rays improves pulmonary image-guided radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 70(3), 035006, doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ada719.

  • Xu, D., Miao, X., Liu, H., Scholey, J. E., Yang, W., Feng, M., … & Sheng, K. (2024). Rapid reconstruction of extremely accelerated liver 4D MRI via chained iterative refinement. Accepted by SPIE Medical Imaging 2025 (Oral).

Abstracts

  • Xu, D., Liu, H., Lao, Y., Ruan, D., Sheng, K. (2023). End-to-end dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reconstruction with reconstruction swin transformer. In AAPM 65th Annual Meeting & Exhibition 2023 Jul 23. AAPM.

  • Liu, H., Neilsen, BK., Xu, D., Pham, J., Cao, M., Ruan, D., Kishan, AU., Sheng K. (2023). Towards automated dosimetric analysis of the bladder trigone: deep-learning-based joint segmentation and landmark localization. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 2023 Oct 1;117(2):S118.

  • Xu, D., Liu, H., Yang, Y., Lyu, Q., Descovich, D., Sheng, K. (2024). TomoGRAF: generative radiance fields for patient-wise volumetric computed tomography reconstruction from a single projection. In AAPM 66th Annual Meeting & Exhibition 2024 Jul 21. AAPM.

  • Fu, X., Xu, Q., Xu, D., Dan, R., Sheng K. (2024). Real-time lung extraction from synthesized x-rays improves pulmonary diagnosis and radiotherapy. In AAPM 66th Annual Meeting & Exhibition 2024 Jul 21. AAPM.

  • Fu, X., Xu, Q., Xu, D., Dan, R., Sheng, K. (2024). Paired conditional generative adversarial network for highly accelerated liver 4D MRI. In AAPM 66th Annual Meeting & Exhibition 2024 Jul 21. AAPM.

  • Jiang, L., Xu, D., Sheng, K. (2024). Anatomy-constrained synthesis for spleen segmentation improvement in unpaired mouse CBCT scans with 3D Cycle-GAN. In AAPM 66th Annual Meeting & Exhibition 2024 Jul 21. AAPM.

  • Fu, X., Xu, Q., Xu, D., Liu, H., Dan, R., Sheng, K. (2023). Synthesis of static and dynamic lung-only x-rays using deep learning, In AAPM 65th Annual Meeting & Exhibition 2023 Jul 23. AAPM.

  • Xu, D., Xu, Q., Nhieu, K., Ruan, D., Sheng, K. (2023). An efficient and robust method for chest x-ray rib suppression that improves pulmonary abnormality diagnosis. In AAPM 65th Annual Meeting & Exhibition 2023 Jul 23. AAPM.

Redefining Possible